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Reference information only. Therapept does not sell peptides and does not provide medical advice.Research-use notice

Therapept

Evidence

Research landscape

Every row is a document a reader can open — a paper, a label, or a regulator’s table. Counts on this page are derived from those records. They are not an effectiveness score, and they are not instructions for use.

Records
74
Compounds
20
Distinct sources
46

Open the literature explorer — keyword, year, study type and evidence class, with source on every row.

Evidence class
Research area
Publication year

74 of 74 records · BPC-157 selected

Publication years in the current filter

1977
2011
2026

Records in this filter span 1977 to 2026.

Research landscape: compounds with study counts and evidence-class distribution derived from records in this file
CompoundRecordsEvidence mix
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BPC-157

Full evidence view
  1. ANIMAL2003In vivo (rat) with in-vitro tendocyte assay

    Gastric pentadecapeptide BPC 157 accelerates healing of transected rat Achilles tendon and in vitro stimulates tendocytes growth

    Staresinic M, Sebecic B, Patrlj L, et al.Journal of Orthopaedic Research

    Population
    Rat Achilles-tendon transection; cultured tendocytes
    Objective
    To test whether BPC-157 affected transected Achilles-tendon healing in rats and tendocyte growth in culture.
    Endpoint investigated
    Tendon healing and tendocyte growth in a rodent model

    In a rat Achilles-transection model, BPC-157 was reported to accelerate tendon healing relative to controls, with a parallel in-vitro observation of tendocyte growth. The work is a primary source for the preclinical tendon literature on this compound.

    Limitations. Rodent surgical model; findings do not establish human tendon outcomes. Originates in the laboratory group that accounts for much of the BPC-157 literature.

    DOI 10.1016/S0736-0266(03)00110-4Staresinic et al., J Orthop Res (2003)Reviewed 12 September 2026

  2. IN VITRO2011In vitro (tendon fibroblasts)

    Pentadecapeptide BPC 157 enhances the growth hormone receptor expression in tendon fibroblasts

    Chang CH, Tsai WC, Lin MS, Hsu YH, Pang JHMolecules

    Population
    Cultured tendon fibroblasts
    Objective
    To examine growth-hormone receptor expression in tendon fibroblasts exposed to BPC-157.
    Endpoint investigated
    Growth-hormone receptor expression in cultured cells

    Cultured tendon fibroblasts exposed to BPC-157 were reported to increase growth-hormone receptor expression. The paper is mechanistic and cellular, not a clinical outcome study.

    Limitations. Cell-culture system only. Receptor expression in vitro is not a clinical endpoint and is not a basis for human-use claims.

    DOI 10.3390/molecules16119672Chang et al., Molecules (2011)Reviewed 12 September 2026

  3. REVIEW2020Narrative review

    Novel cytoprotective mediator, stable gastric pentadecapeptide BPC 157. Vascular recruitment and inflammation resolution

    Sikiric P, Hahm KB, Blagaic AB, et al.Current Pharmaceutical Design

    Objective
    To summarise the originating group's preclinical BPC-157 literature on cytoprotection and vascular effects.
    Endpoint investigated
    Preclinical cytoprotection and related mechanistic claims

    A review from the principal BPC-157 laboratory grouping, collecting animal and mechanistic papers. It is a map of that corpus, not independent confirmation of it.

    Limitations. Narrative, not systematic. Dominated by one research network. Does not add new human interventional data.

    DOI 10.2174/1381612825666191116102917Sikiric et al., Curr Pharm Des (2020)Reviewed 12 September 2026

  4. HUMAN DATA2021Retrospective case series

    Intra-articular injection of BPC 157 for multiple types of knee pain

    Lee E, Padgett BAlternative Therapies in Health and Medicine

    Population
    Adults treated for mixed knee complaints in a clinical practice
    Sample
    n = 16 (12 BPC-157 alone; 4 combined with TB-500)
    Objective
    To describe pain scores after intra-articular BPC-157 in a small, uncontrolled series.
    Endpoint investigated
    Patient-reported knee pain in an uncontrolled series

    A retrospective series of sixteen people given intra-articular BPC-157 for mixed knee diagnoses, some also given TB-500. Subsequent sports-medicine reviews cite it as the main human orthopaedic report — and as methodologically inadequate for inference.

    Limitations. No control arm, mixed diagnoses, mixed co-interventions, small n, retrospective. Cannot attribute outcomes to the compound. Not a trial.

    Lee and Padgett, Altern Ther Health Med (2021)Reviewed 12 September 2026

  5. REVIEW2026Narrative review

    Injectable peptide therapy: a primer for orthopaedic and sports medicine physicians

    Mayfield CK, Bolia IK, Feingold CL, Lin EH, Liu JN, Hatch GFR, Gamradt SC, Weber AEThe American Journal of Sports Medicine

    Objective
    To summarise published evidence on injectable peptides marketed for orthopaedic and sports indications.
    Endpoint investigated
    Whether published studies support clinical use in orthopaedics

    Sports-medicine review covering BPC-157 among other peptides. It reports that tendon and muscle findings are largely unvalidated in humans, and treats the Lee–Padgett series as limited by design.

    Limitations. Narrative review of an uneven literature. Not a systematic evidence grade.

    DOI 10.1177/03635465251357593Mayfield et al., Am J Sports Med (2026)Reviewed 12 September 2026

  6. REGULATORY2026Regulatory listing

    FDA table of bulk drug substances nominated for compounding and subsequently withdrawn

    U.S. Food and Drug AdministrationFDA compounding communications

    Objective
    To record FDA's published compounding position and stated characterisation concerns.
    Endpoint investigated
    Compounding classification, not efficacy

    BPC-157 appears on FDA's table of bulk substances nominated for compounding and withdrawn by the nominator. Published concerns include immunogenicity risk, peptide-related impurities, and complexity of API characterisation. Placement is a regulatory classification.

    Limitations. A withdrawn nomination is not a safety assessment of any particular material, and it is not a clinical evidence review.

    FDA — Certain bulk drug substances for use in compounding may present significant safety risksReviewed 12 September 2026

  7. REGULATORY2026Anti-doping listing

    WADA Prohibited List — Class S0 Non-Approved Substances

    World Anti-Doping AgencyWADA Prohibited List

    Objective
    To record the substance's position on the 2026 Prohibited List.
    Endpoint investigated
    Sporting prohibition status

    Named in Class S0 (Non-Approved Substances). Prohibited at all times; Specified Substance. This is an anti-doping classification, not a finding about laboratory research use.

    Limitations. WADA listing is not a determination of chemical identity or of any research endpoint.

    WADA 2026 Prohibited ListReviewed 12 September 2026

  8. REVIEW2026Scoping review

    Peptide supplements and their therapeutic applications in sports medicine

    Tewari K, Liu TP, Im C, Hamad C, Petrigliano F, Cheung EC, Kremen TJThe American Journal of Sports Medicine

    Objective
    To scope peer-reviewed data on BPC-157, TB-500/Tβ4, CJC-1295, ipamorelin and GHK-Cu in musculoskeletal models.
    Endpoint investigated
    Published musculoskeletal evidence, animal and human

    PRISMA-guided scoping review. Reports that about two-thirds of identified publications used preclinical animal models, and that human clinical studies were limited and mostly lacked robust controls. Concludes that claimed benefits for musculoskeletal recovery remain unsubstantiated by current human trials.

    Limitations. Scoping, not a meta-analysis of effect sizes. Groups TB-500 with Tβ4 in the search.

    DOI 10.1177/03635465261464420Tewari et al., Am J Sports Med (2026)Reviewed 12 September 2026

  9. REGULATORY2026FDA advisory-committee briefing

    FDA PCAC briefing — BPC-157-related bulk drug substances (23 July 2026)

    U.S. Food and Drug AdministrationFDA PCAC briefing

    Objective
    To record FDA staff's published proposal on 503A Bulks List inclusion for BPC-157.
    Endpoint investigated
    Proposed compounding-list classification

    PCAC discussed BPC-157 (free base) and BPC-157 acetate on 23 July 2026 (use evaluated: ulcerative colitis). The briefing-document introduction states that FDA is proposing that both NOT be included on the 503A Bulks List. Nominations had been withdrawn; FDA elected to proceed. A committee recommendation is not a listing decision.

    Limitations. Staff proposal and committee advice are non-binding. FDA has not published a listing decision as of this review.

    FDA — PCAC briefing for BPC-157-related bulk drug substancesReviewed 12 September 2026

Inclusion is editorial: a record is here because it is a primary paper, a labelled trial, a regulator’s document, or a review that maps that corpus. PubMed was not harvested wholesale. A missing paper is not a claim that it does not exist — it is a claim that it is not yet in this file.