Reference

Compare peptides

Two to four compounds, field by field: identity, United States regulatory status, and what kinds of documents are on file. The table records differences. It does not rank them.

Compound 1

Compound 2

Compound 3 (optional)

Compound 4 (optional)

No winner, no score, no recommendation. Counts describe how many documents of each kind Therapept has indexed — not how well a compound works, and not how much has been published overall.

Link to this comparison: /compare?peptides=sm04554,pp405,minoxidil

Side-by-side comparison of SM04554, PP405, Minoxidil
Identity
	SM04554	PP405	Minoxidil
Class	Investigational topical small-molecule modulator of Wnt signalling	Investigational topical small molecule; inhibitor of the mitochondrial pyruvate carrier (MPC)	Small-molecule vasodilator and ATP-sensitive potassium-channel opener, supplied as a topical solution or foam and as oral tablets
Also listed as	Dalosirvat, SM-04554	PP405 topical gel, PP405-2001	Rogaine, Loniten, U-10858
Molecular formula	Not recorded	Not recorded	C9H15N5O
Molecular weight	Not recorded	Not recorded	209.25 g/mol
CAS	Not recorded	Not recorded	38304-91-5
PubChem CID	Not recorded	Not recorded	4201
Sequence length	Not recorded	Not recorded	Not recorded
Data caveat	None recorded	None recorded	None recorded
United States regulatory status
Status	Investigational	Investigational	FDA-approved drug substance
FDA application	None recorded	None recorded	None recorded
Compounding	No FDA compounding entry recorded	No FDA compounding entry recorded	No FDA compounding entry recorded
WADA	Not named in this record	Not named in this record	Not named in this record
Research profile
Research purpose	Wnt-pathway modulation	Follicle stem-cell reactivation	Approved topical hair-regrowth treatment
Proposed mechanism	Proposed activation of Wnt/beta-catenin signalling in the follicle, promoting follicle proliferation. The trial protocol itself flags theoretical pathway-related risks.	Inhibits the mitochondrial pyruvate carrier (MPC), shifting cellular metabolism and activating dormant follicle stem cells in laboratory and early human biopsy work. This is a proposed mechanism with early human biomarker support, not proof of hair regrowth.	Opens ATP-sensitive potassium channels and dilates blood vessels; it also prolongs the growth phase of the hair cycle. The precise reason it grows hair is still debated.
Human evidence	Phase 1 and Phase 2 trials were registered and completed. Therapept did not identify an active later-stage registration or an approved product at review.	Phase 1 and a completed Phase 2a trial in androgenetic alopecia; a Phase 2 trial in women is registered. Therapept has not indexed a peer-reviewed primary publication of the Phase 2a results.	Randomised trials and decades of clinical use support topical minoxidil for androgenetic alopecia in men and women. Oral low-dose use for hair loss is off-label.
Evidence tier	Phase 2 trials registered or reported	Phase 2 trials registered or reported	Approved drug product in the United States
Known safety concerns	The trial protocol notes theoretical risks of Wnt pathway modulation, including unwanted hair growth and skin lesions. Those are mechanistic concerns, not observed human findings in the indexed record. Long-term safety is unknown.	Phase 1 reported the product was well tolerated with no detectable systemic absorption, per the sponsor. Phase 2a safety results are not available here as a peer-reviewed report. Long-term safety is unknown.	Topical products can cause scalp irritation and unwanted facial hair growth. Oral minoxidil is a vasodilator with cardiovascular effects and is not a casual supplement. The approved label lists warnings and side effects; this is not a complete safety profile.
Evidence gaps	Peer-reviewed efficacy results from the Phase 2 programme. Current development status. Long-term safety of Wnt modulation in skin.	Peer-reviewed Phase 2a efficacy and safety results. Durability after treatment stops. Phase 3 confirmation and any regulatory decision.	Why some people respond and others do not. Long-term maintenance after stopping. Whether low-dose oral minoxidil has an acceptable long-term risk profile for cosmetic use.
Head-to-head evidence	No published head-to-head trial against minoxidil or any other treatment.	No head-to-head trial against minoxidil or any other hair-loss treatment has been published.	Oral minoxidil 5 mg was compared with topical 5% in a 2024 randomised trial and was not superior over 24 weeks.
Named pathways	Wnt/beta-catenin signalling · Follicle proliferation · Hair cycle	Mitochondrial pyruvate carrier · Lactate dehydrogenase · Follicle stem-cell activation · Telogen-to-anagen transition	Potassium channels · Vasodilation · Anagen prolongation
Evidence on file
Records	1Open evidence file	1Open evidence file	1Open evidence file
Human-interventional records	1	1	0
Human-observational records	0	0	0
Animal records	0	0	0
In-vitro records	0	0	0
Reviews	0	0	0
Regulatory documents	0	0	1
Earliest indexed	2019	2024	2006
Latest indexed	2019	2024	2006

Every identity and regulatory value above is taken from the compound’s record, where its sources are listed. Evidence counts are derived from the published evidence file at build time. A missing class means no document of that kind is indexed — not that none exists.