Reference

Compare peptides

Two to four compounds, field by field: identity, United States regulatory status, and what kinds of documents are on file. The table records differences. It does not rank them.

Compound 1

Compound 2

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No winner, no score, no recommendation. Counts describe how many documents of each kind Therapept has indexed — not how well a compound works, and not how much has been published overall.

Link to this comparison: /compare?peptides=pp405,minoxidil,pyrilutamide

Side-by-side comparison of PP405, Minoxidil, Pyrilutamide
Identity
	PP405	Minoxidil	Pyrilutamide
Class	Investigational topical small molecule; inhibitor of the mitochondrial pyruvate carrier (MPC)	Small-molecule vasodilator and ATP-sensitive potassium-channel opener, supplied as a topical solution or foam and as oral tablets	Investigational topical nonsteroidal androgen-receptor antagonist
Also listed as	PP405 topical gel, PP405-2001	Rogaine, Loniten, U-10858	KX-826, KX826, Pyrilutamide topical
Molecular formula	Not recorded	C9H15N5O	Not recorded
Molecular weight	Not recorded	209.25 g/mol	Not recorded
CAS	Not recorded	38304-91-5	Not recorded
PubChem CID	Not recorded	4201	Not recorded
Sequence length	Not recorded	Not recorded	Not recorded
Data caveat	None recorded	None recorded	None recorded
United States regulatory status
Status	Investigational	FDA-approved drug substance	Investigational
FDA application	None recorded	None recorded	None recorded
Compounding	No FDA compounding entry recorded	No FDA compounding entry recorded	No FDA compounding entry recorded
WADA	Not named in this record	Not named in this record	Not named in this record
Research profile
Research purpose	Follicle stem-cell reactivation	Approved topical hair-regrowth treatment	Topical androgen-receptor blockade
Proposed mechanism	Inhibits the mitochondrial pyruvate carrier (MPC), shifting cellular metabolism and activating dormant follicle stem cells in laboratory and early human biopsy work. This is a proposed mechanism with early human biomarker support, not proof of hair regrowth.	Opens ATP-sensitive potassium channels and dilates blood vessels; it also prolongs the growth phase of the hair cycle. The precise reason it grows hair is still debated.	A nonsteroidal androgen-receptor antagonist applied to the scalp, intended to reduce androgen signalling in follicle cells. The clinical advantage over existing treatments is not established.
Human evidence	Phase 1 and a completed Phase 2a trial in androgenetic alopecia; a Phase 2 trial in women is registered. Therapept has not indexed a peer-reviewed primary publication of the Phase 2a results.	Randomised trials and decades of clinical use support topical minoxidil for androgenetic alopecia in men and women. Oral low-dose use for hair loss is off-label.	Phase 2 trials in men and women and a Phase 3 trial in Chinese men are registered; the Phase 2 studies are listed as completed. No approved product.
Evidence tier	Phase 2 trials registered or reported	Approved drug product in the United States	Phase 3 trials registered or reported
Known safety concerns	Phase 1 reported the product was well tolerated with no detectable systemic absorption, per the sponsor. Phase 2a safety results are not available here as a peer-reviewed report. Long-term safety is unknown.	Topical products can cause scalp irritation and unwanted facial hair growth. Oral minoxidil is a vasodilator with cardiovascular effects and is not a casual supplement. The approved label lists warnings and side effects; this is not a complete safety profile.	Topical androgen-receptor blockade may still produce systemic effects; the trials are designed to measure this. Phase 3 safety data are not available here as a peer-reviewed report. Long-term safety is unknown.
Evidence gaps	Peer-reviewed Phase 2a efficacy and safety results. Durability after treatment stops. Phase 3 confirmation and any regulatory decision.	Why some people respond and others do not. Long-term maintenance after stopping. Whether low-dose oral minoxidil has an acceptable long-term risk profile for cosmetic use.	Peer-reviewed Phase 3 efficacy and safety results. Whether topical delivery avoids meaningful systemic androgen blockade. Durability and any regulatory decision.
Head-to-head evidence	No head-to-head trial against minoxidil or any other hair-loss treatment has been published.	Oral minoxidil 5 mg was compared with topical 5% in a 2024 randomised trial and was not superior over 24 weeks.	No published head-to-head trial against finasteride or minoxidil.
Named pathways	Mitochondrial pyruvate carrier · Lactate dehydrogenase · Follicle stem-cell activation · Telogen-to-anagen transition	Potassium channels · Vasodilation · Anagen prolongation	Androgen receptor · DHT signalling · Follicular miniaturisation
Evidence on file
Records	1Open evidence file	1Open evidence file	2Open evidence file
Human-interventional records	1	0	2
Human-observational records	0	0	0
Animal records	0	0	0
In-vitro records	0	0	0
Reviews	0	0	0
Regulatory documents	0	1	0
Earliest indexed	2024	2006	2022
Latest indexed	2024	2006	2024

Every identity and regulatory value above is taken from the compound’s record, where its sources are listed. Evidence counts are derived from the published evidence file at build time. A missing class means no document of that kind is indexed — not that none exists.